Research in the first pressure chamber laboratory at the University of Zurich; saturation dives to 350 meters (Alverstock UK Navy, Capshell)
1964
Eight pressure chamber tests are carried out in Zurich.
1965
Pressure chamber tests No. 12 to 84 (numbering according to Albert Bühlmann’s manual protocol) are carried out in the pressure chamber in Zurich.
1966
Pressure chamber tests No. 85 to 120 are carried out in Zurich.
Shell International and Micoperi build the seagoing pressure chamber «Capshell» weighing 57 tonnes. From 14 September to 24 October, various test experiments with long-term exposures (saturation experiments) using Heliox from 30 to 220 meters are carried out; the «Capshell» is lowered to the operational depth suspended from a crane installed on a converted cargo ship on the coast of Porto San Stefano in Tuscany, where the divers could leave the pressure chamber and simulate diving operations; the medical preparation and on-site management of the experiments was the responsibility of Albert Bühlmann, the technical and organisational responsibility lay with Shell and Micoperi in the person of Cdr. J. Carr.
Results are secured with further saturation dives at 220 and 300 meters in Zurich in 1967.
1967
Pressure chamber tests No.121 to 140 are carried out in Zurich; test 129 and test 132 are saturation tests at 220 metres; test No.140 is a test at 300 meters with a stay time of 120 minutes; decompression takes 53 hours.
1968
Pressure chamber tests No.141 to 158 are carried out in Zurich.
A few days after the end of experiment No.142, one of the participants dies as a result of a fat embolism; the Government Council is informed immediately; Albert Bühlmann’s self-reporting leads to a criminal investigation; the District Attorney’s Office commissions an expert to clarify the question of a breach of due diligence and the state of science; the District Attorney’s Office and the Public Prosecutor’s Office do not recognise any criminally relevant conduct; no civil lawsuits are instituted.
Pressure chamber test No.148, a saturation test at 220 meters with a decompression time of 78 hours is carried out with three divers from Switzerland in the pressure chamber of the Royal Navy Medical Centre in Alverstoke/UK.
1969
Pressure chamber test No.159, a saturation test to 300 meters with descents to 350 metres; carried out in the pressure chamber of the Royal Navy Medical Centre in Alverstoke/UK; the test starts on 3 February and ends on 10 February.
The first diving recruit school of the Swiss Army is conducted; as a result of the use of the French GERS tables for sea level during tests in Lake Silvaplana at an altitude of 1815 meters above sea level, two divers suffer severe decompression sickness; Albert Bühlmann is called in; the divers are successfully treated on the basis of Albert Bühlmann’s treatment instructions; subsequently, pressure chamber tests in combination with overpressure and negative pressure are conducted in Zurich; these tests result in the first decompression tables for mountain lake diving.
Experiments No. 160 to 174 are carried out in Zurich.
1970
Pressure chamber tests No.175 to 181 are carried out in Zurich. The cantonal government of Zurich and the parliament of the State of Zurich approve an investment contribution of CHF 650,000 for the construction of the new pressure chamber; the importance of the research successes achieved under the leadership of Albert Bühlmann is acknowledged; the expectation is expressed that further research successes will be achieved in Zurich and that the pressure chamber will be used as a training and treatment centre; the credit is later increased, and the canton of Zurich also assumes the building costs. In a letter to Albert Bühlmann dated 6 July, the Federal Military Department guarantees an investment contribution of CHF 150,000; the amount is later increased to CHF 200,000. Shell International invests a total of CHF 1,065,260.
1971
Pressure chamber tests No. 182 to 210 are carried out in Zurich. Albert Bühlmann becomes Member Advisory Group, Underwater Physiology, Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology, Bethesda, Maryland.
1972
Pressure chamber experiments No. 211 to 236 are carried out in Zurich. The Swiss Army receives decompression tables for various altitudes.
1973
Pressure chamber experiments No. 237 to 257 are carried out in Zurich.
The Bühlmann disc «slide rule» for calculating decompressions is launched and recommended for use by the Swiss Underwater Sports Association.
1974
The new pressure chamber facility is set up; no pressure chamber tests are carried out in 1974 until 26 November 1975.